DormandPrince853Integrator.java
- /*
- * Licensed to the Hipparchus project under one or more
- * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- * The Hipparchus project licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
- package org.hipparchus.ode.nonstiff;
- import org.hipparchus.ode.EquationsMapper;
- import org.hipparchus.ode.ODEStateAndDerivative;
- import org.hipparchus.ode.nonstiff.interpolators.DormandPrince853StateInterpolator;
- import org.hipparchus.util.FastMath;
- /**
- * This class implements the 8(5,3) Dormand-Prince integrator for Ordinary
- * Differential Equations.
- *
- * <p>This integrator is an embedded Runge-Kutta integrator
- * of order 8(5,3) used in local extrapolation mode (i.e. the solution
- * is computed using the high order formula) with stepsize control
- * (and automatic step initialization) and continuous output. This
- * method uses 12 functions evaluations per step for integration and 4
- * evaluations for interpolation. However, since the first
- * interpolation evaluation is the same as the first integration
- * evaluation of the next step, we have included it in the integrator
- * rather than in the interpolator and specified the method was an
- * <i>fsal</i>. Hence, despite we have 13 stages here, the cost is
- * really 12 evaluations per step even if no interpolation is done,
- * and the overcost of interpolation is only 3 evaluations.</p>
- *
- * <p>This method is based on an 8(6) method by Dormand and Prince
- * (i.e. order 8 for the integration and order 6 for error estimation)
- * modified by Hairer and Wanner to use a 5th order error estimator
- * with 3rd order correction. This modification was introduced because
- * the original method failed in some cases (wrong steps can be
- * accepted when step size is too large, for example in the
- * Brusselator problem) and also had <i>severe difficulties when
- * applied to problems with discontinuities</i>. This modification is
- * explained in the second edition of the first volume (Nonstiff
- * Problems) of the reference book by Hairer, Norsett and Wanner:
- * <i>Solving Ordinary Differential Equations</i> (Springer-Verlag,
- * ISBN 3-540-56670-8).</p>
- *
- */
- public class DormandPrince853Integrator extends EmbeddedRungeKuttaIntegrator {
- /** Name of integration scheme. */
- public static final String METHOD_NAME = "Dormand-Prince 8 (5, 3)";
- /** First error weights array, element 1. */
- static final double E1_01 = 116092271.0 / 8848465920.0;
- // elements 2 to 5 are zero, so they are neither stored nor used
- /** First error weights array, element 6. */
- static final double E1_06 = -1871647.0 / 1527680.0;
- /** First error weights array, element 7. */
- static final double E1_07 = -69799717.0 / 140793660.0;
- /** First error weights array, element 8. */
- static final double E1_08 = 1230164450203.0 / 739113984000.0;
- /** First error weights array, element 9. */
- static final double E1_09 = -1980813971228885.0 / 5654156025964544.0;
- /** First error weights array, element 10. */
- static final double E1_10 = 464500805.0 / 1389975552.0;
- /** First error weights array, element 11. */
- static final double E1_11 = 1606764981773.0 / 19613062656000.0;
- /** First error weights array, element 12. */
- static final double E1_12 = -137909.0 / 6168960.0;
- /** Second error weights array, element 1. */
- static final double E2_01 = -364463.0 / 1920240.0;
- // elements 2 to 5 are zero, so they are neither stored nor used
- /** Second error weights array, element 6. */
- static final double E2_06 = 3399327.0 / 763840.0;
- /** Second error weights array, element 7. */
- static final double E2_07 = 66578432.0 / 35198415.0;
- /** Second error weights array, element 8. */
- static final double E2_08 = -1674902723.0 / 288716400.0;
- /** Second error weights array, element 9. */
- static final double E2_09 = -74684743568175.0 / 176692375811392.0;
- /** Second error weights array, element 10. */
- static final double E2_10 = -734375.0 / 4826304.0;
- /** Second error weights array, element 11. */
- static final double E2_11 = 171414593.0 / 851261400.0;
- /** Second error weights array, element 12. */
- static final double E2_12 = 69869.0 / 3084480.0;
- /** Simple constructor.
- * Build a fifth order Dormand-Prince integrator with the given step bounds
- * @param minStep minimal step (sign is irrelevant, regardless of
- * integration direction, forward or backward), the last step can
- * be smaller than this
- * @param maxStep maximal step (sign is irrelevant, regardless of
- * integration direction, forward or backward), the last step can
- * be smaller than this
- * @param scalAbsoluteTolerance allowed absolute error
- * @param scalRelativeTolerance allowed relative error
- */
- public DormandPrince853Integrator(final double minStep, final double maxStep,
- final double scalAbsoluteTolerance,
- final double scalRelativeTolerance) {
- super(METHOD_NAME, 12,
- minStep, maxStep, scalAbsoluteTolerance, scalRelativeTolerance);
- }
- /** Simple constructor.
- * Build a fifth order Dormand-Prince integrator with the given step bounds
- * @param minStep minimal step (sign is irrelevant, regardless of
- * integration direction, forward or backward), the last step can
- * be smaller than this
- * @param maxStep maximal step (sign is irrelevant, regardless of
- * integration direction, forward or backward), the last step can
- * be smaller than this
- * @param vecAbsoluteTolerance allowed absolute error
- * @param vecRelativeTolerance allowed relative error
- */
- public DormandPrince853Integrator(final double minStep, final double maxStep,
- final double[] vecAbsoluteTolerance,
- final double[] vecRelativeTolerance) {
- super(METHOD_NAME, 12,
- minStep, maxStep, vecAbsoluteTolerance, vecRelativeTolerance);
- }
- /** {@inheritDoc} */
- @Override
- public double[] getC() {
- final double sqrt6 = FastMath.sqrt(6.0);
- return new double[] {
- (12.0 - 2.0 * sqrt6) / 135.0,
- (6.0 - sqrt6) / 45.0,
- (6.0 - sqrt6) / 30.0,
- (6.0 + sqrt6) / 30.0,
- 1.0/3.0,
- 1.0/4.0,
- 4.0/13.0,
- 127.0/195.0,
- 3.0/5.0,
- 6.0/7.0,
- 1.0,
- 1.0,
- 1.0/10.0,
- 1.0/5.0,
- 7.0/9.0
- };
- }
- /** {@inheritDoc} */
- @Override
- public double[][] getA() {
- final double sqrt6 = FastMath.sqrt(6.0);
- return new double[][] {
- {
- (12.0 - 2.0 * sqrt6) / 135.0
- }, {
- (6.0 - sqrt6) / 180.0,
- (6.0 - sqrt6) / 60.0
- }, {
- (6.0 - sqrt6) / 120.0,
- 0.0,
- (6.0 - sqrt6) / 40.0
- }, {
- (462.0 + 107.0 * sqrt6) / 3000.0,
- 0.0,
- (-402.0 - 197.0 * sqrt6) / 1000.0,
- (168.0 + 73.0 * sqrt6) / 375.0
- }, {
- 1.0 / 27.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- (16.0 + sqrt6) / 108.0,
- (16.0 - sqrt6) / 108.0
- }, {
- 19.0 / 512.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- (118.0 + 23.0 * sqrt6) / 1024.0,
- (118.0 - 23.0 * sqrt6) / 1024.0,
- -9.0 / 512.0
- }, {
- 13772.0 / 371293.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- (51544.0 + 4784.0 * sqrt6) / 371293.0,
- (51544.0 - 4784.0 * sqrt6) / 371293.0,
- -5688.0 / 371293.0,
- 3072.0 / 371293.0
- }, {
- 58656157643.0 / 93983540625.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- (-1324889724104.0 - 318801444819.0 * sqrt6) / 626556937500.0,
- (-1324889724104.0 + 318801444819.0 * sqrt6) / 626556937500.0,
- 96044563816.0 / 3480871875.0,
- 5682451879168.0 / 281950621875.0,
- -165125654.0 / 3796875.0
- }, {
- 8909899.0 / 18653125.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- (-4521408.0 - 1137963.0 * sqrt6) / 2937500.0,
- (-4521408.0 + 1137963.0 * sqrt6) / 2937500.0,
- 96663078.0 / 4553125.0,
- 2107245056.0 / 137915625.0,
- -4913652016.0 / 147609375.0,
- -78894270.0 / 3880452869.0
- }, {
- -20401265806.0 / 21769653311.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- (354216.0 + 94326.0 * sqrt6) / 112847.0,
- (354216.0 - 94326.0 * sqrt6) / 112847.0,
- -43306765128.0 / 5313852383.0,
- -20866708358144.0 / 1126708119789.0,
- 14886003438020.0 / 654632330667.0,
- 35290686222309375.0 / 14152473387134411.0,
- -1477884375.0 / 485066827.0
- }, {
- 39815761.0 / 17514443.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- (-3457480.0 - 960905.0 * sqrt6) / 551636.0,
- (-3457480.0 + 960905.0 * sqrt6) / 551636.0,
- -844554132.0 / 47026969.0,
- 8444996352.0 / 302158619.0,
- -2509602342.0 / 877790785.0,
- -28388795297996250.0 / 3199510091356783.0,
- 226716250.0 / 18341897.0,
- 1371316744.0 / 2131383595.0
- }, {
- // the following stage is both for interpolation and the first stage in next step
- // (the coefficients are identical to the B array)
- 104257.0/1920240.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 3399327.0/763840.0,
- 66578432.0/35198415.0,
- -1674902723.0/288716400.0,
- 54980371265625.0/176692375811392.0,
- -734375.0/4826304.0,
- 171414593.0/851261400.0,
- 137909.0/3084480.0
- }, {
- // the following stages are for interpolation only
- 13481885573.0 / 240030000000.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 139418837528.0 / 549975234375.0,
- -11108320068443.0 / 45111937500000.0,
- -1769651421925959.0 / 14249385146080000.0,
- 57799439.0 / 377055000.0,
- 793322643029.0 / 96734250000000.0,
- 1458939311.0 / 192780000000.0,
- -4149.0 / 500000.0
- }, {
- 1595561272731.0 / 50120273500000.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 975183916491.0 / 34457688031250.0,
- 38492013932672.0 / 718912673015625.0,
- -1114881286517557.0 / 20298710767500000.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- -2538710946863.0 / 23431227861250000.0,
- 8824659001.0 / 23066716781250.0,
- -11518334563.0 / 33831184612500.0,
- 1912306948.0 / 13532473845.0
- }, {
- -13613986967.0 / 31741908048.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- -4755612631.0 / 1012344804.0,
- 42939257944576.0 / 5588559685701.0,
- 77881972900277.0 / 19140370552944.0,
- 22719829234375.0 / 63689648654052.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- -1199007803.0 / 857031517296.0,
- 157882067000.0 / 53564469831.0,
- -290468882375.0 / 31741908048.0
- }
- };
- }
- /** {@inheritDoc} */
- @Override
- public double[] getB() {
- return new double[] {
- 104257.0/1920240.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 3399327.0/763840.0,
- 66578432.0/35198415.0,
- -1674902723.0/288716400.0,
- 54980371265625.0/176692375811392.0,
- -734375.0/4826304.0,
- 171414593.0/851261400.0,
- 137909.0/3084480.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0,
- 0.0
- };
- }
- /** {@inheritDoc} */
- @Override
- protected DormandPrince853StateInterpolator
- createInterpolator(final boolean forward, double[][] yDotK,
- final ODEStateAndDerivative globalPreviousState,
- final ODEStateAndDerivative globalCurrentState,
- final EquationsMapper mapper) {
- return new DormandPrince853StateInterpolator(forward, yDotK,
- globalPreviousState, globalCurrentState,
- globalPreviousState, globalCurrentState,
- mapper);
- }
- /** {@inheritDoc} */
- @Override
- public int getOrder() {
- return 8;
- }
- /** {@inheritDoc} */
- @Override
- protected double estimateError(final double[][] yDotK,
- final double[] y0, final double[] y1,
- final double h) {
- final StepsizeHelper helper = getStepSizeHelper();
- double error1 = 0;
- double error2 = 0;
- for (int j = 0; j < helper.getMainSetDimension(); ++j) {
- final double errSum1 = E1_01 * yDotK[0][j] + E1_06 * yDotK[5][j] +
- E1_07 * yDotK[6][j] + E1_08 * yDotK[7][j] +
- E1_09 * yDotK[8][j] + E1_10 * yDotK[9][j] +
- E1_11 * yDotK[10][j] + E1_12 * yDotK[11][j];
- final double errSum2 = E2_01 * yDotK[0][j] + E2_06 * yDotK[5][j] +
- E2_07 * yDotK[6][j] + E2_08 * yDotK[7][j] +
- E2_09 * yDotK[8][j] + E2_10 * yDotK[9][j] +
- E2_11 * yDotK[10][j] + E2_12 * yDotK[11][j];
- final double tol = helper.getTolerance(j, FastMath.max(FastMath.abs(y0[j]), FastMath.abs(y1[j])));
- final double ratio1 = errSum1 / tol;
- error1 += ratio1 * ratio1;
- final double ratio2 = errSum2 / tol;
- error2 += ratio2 * ratio2;
- }
- double den = error1 + 0.01 * error2;
- if (den <= 0.0) {
- den = 1.0;
- }
- return FastMath.abs(h) * error1 / FastMath.sqrt(helper.getMainSetDimension() * den);
- }
- }